Prevention of Biopsychosocial Complications in Adolescents who Consume Addictive Substances: Integrative Review
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Abstract
Introduction: the beginning of the consumption of addictive substances in adolescents has severe implications for their long-term health, enabling the development of diseases, emotional problems and social isolation. The adoption of consumer habits can lead to abuse and dependence and have a biopsychosocial impact.
Objective: identify the main biopsychosocial complications in adolescents who consume addictive substances.
Method: the methodology proposed by Toronto & Remington (2020) was used; the process of evaluation and selection of articles with a quantitative approach, the eligibility criteria instrument for the selection of research articles (ICrESAI) was used and the evaluation of randomized clinical trials using a checklist with consolidated standards for trial reporting (Consort).
Results: 18 articles were analyzed, ten of them RCTs, seven RCT pilot studies, and one longitudinal quantitative study.
Discussion and conclusions: three intervention approaches to the consumption of addictive substances in adolescents were found, which respond to biological, psychological and social complications that impact the growth and development of adolescents. The consumption of alcohol, marijuana and nicotine is related to the impact on mental health, which leads to an increase in offending behavior, car accidents and self-inflicted violence. There is a need to structure prevention interventions against the consumption of addictive substances with an impact on mitigating complications that compromise the mental health of adolescents.
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